1 Timothy 1:1-2, 12-14
#441 Weekday Year I Context (Friday of the 23rd Week in Ordinary Time)
Paul, an Apostle of Christ Jesus by command of God our savior
and of Christ Jesus our hope,
to Timothy, my true child in faith:
grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father
and Christ Jesus our Lord.
I am grateful to him who has strengthened me, Christ Jesus our Lord,
because he considered me trustworthy
in appointing me to the ministry.
I was once a blasphemer and a persecutor and an arrogant man,
but I have been mercifully treated
because I acted out of ignorance in my unbelief.
Indeed, the grace of our Lord has been abundant,
along with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 1:1-2, 12-14
St. Paul begins his First Letter to Timothy introducing himself as an Apostle of Jesus. “Present gratitude for the Christian apostleship leads Paul to recall an earlier time when he had been a fierce persecutor of the Christian communities (cf Acts 26:9-11) until his conversion by intervention of divine mercy through the appearance of Jesus. This and his subsequent apostolic experience testify to the saving purpose of Jesus' incarnation.
“Through the graces he has received, the virtues of faith and love have been manifested in Paul. Faith and love are fundamental virtues characterizing the Christian. At times (as here and in Ephesians 3:17; Ephesians 6:23; Philemon 5), faith and love are mentioned alone; at other times, the virtue of hope is added (1 Thessalonians 1:3; 1 Corinthians 13:13)”[1]
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1 Timothy 1:12-17
#132C Solemnities C Context (24th Sunday in Ordinary Time C)
Beloved:
I am grateful to him who has strengthened me, Christ Jesus our Lord,
because he considered me trustworthy
in appointing me to the ministry.
I was once a blasphemer and a persecutor and arrogant,
but I have been mercifully treated
because I acted out of ignorance in my unbelief.
Indeed, the grace of our Lord has been abundant,
along with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus.
This saying is trustworthy and deserves full acceptance:
Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners.
Of these I am the foremost.
But for that reason I was mercifully treated,
so that in me, as the foremost,
Christ Jesus might display all his patience as an example
for those who would come to believe in him for everlasting life.
To the king of ages, incorruptible, invisible, the only God,
honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 1:12-17
In addition to demonstrating the profound humility of St. Paul, this passage serves as a proof of authorship. None of St. Paul's followers would have used such critical language ("blasphemer and a persecutor and arrogant") to describe the Apostle.
“Present gratitude for the Christian apostleship leads Paul to recall an earlier time when he had been a fierce persecutor of the Christian communities (cf. Acts 26:9-11) until his conversion by intervention of divine mercy through the appearance of Jesus. This and his subsequent apostolic experience testify to the saving purpose of Jesus' incarnation.” [2]
CCC: 1 Tm 1:15 545
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1 Timothy 1:15-17
#442 Weekday Year I Context (Saturday of the 23rd Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved:
This saying is trustworthy and deserves full acceptance:
Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners.
Of these I am the foremost.
But for that reason I was mercifully treated,
so that in me, as the foremost,
Christ Jesus might display all his patience as an example
for those who would come to believe in him for everlasting life.
To the king of ages, incorruptible, invisible, the only God,
honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 1:15-17
At some time before the writing of this letter, Timothy had gone to Ephesus to deal with false teaching in the church. He had wanted eventually to leave Ephesus, but Paul, while on his way to Macedonia, met with Timothy and urged him to stay. Paul was now writing as a follow-up to that conversation. [6]
This pastoral statement from the First Letter to Timothy states the fundamental truth, that Jesus came into the word to save humankind from the death of sin and bring us to everlasting life. The conclusion is another statement of faith that there is only one true God, and he deserves all glory and honor.
CCC: 1 Tm 1:15 545
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1 Timothy 2:1-8
#135C Solemnities C Context (25th Sunday in Ordinary Time C)
#443 Weekday Year I Context (Monday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
#873 Mass for Various Needs Context (I. For the Holy Church, 11. For the Evangelization of Peoples, 6.)
Beloved:
First of all, I ask that supplications, prayers,
petitions, and thanksgivings be offered for everyone,
for kings and for all in authority,
that we may lead a quiet and tranquil life
in all devotion and dignity.
This is good and pleasing to God our savior,
who wills everyone to be saved
and to come to knowledge of the truth.
For there is one God.
There is also one mediator between God and men,
the man Christ Jesus,
who gave himself as ransom for all.
This was the testimony at the proper time.
For this I was appointed preacher and Apostle
(I am speaking the truth, I am not lying),
teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth.
It is my wish, then, that in every place the men should pray,
lifting up holy hands, without anger or argument.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 2:1-8
St. Paul instructs Timothy and his followers on the communal prayers of the Church. He tells Timothy that everyone is to be prayed for, from the king to the servants. His intentions make it clear that he came to bring the Gentiles the good news, and that there should be unity in Christ.
The final verse is an instruction on the posture of communal prayer: “in every place the men should pray, lifting up holy hands, without anger or argument.” "St Augustine uses this text to explain the various parts of the Mass: 'We take as 'supplications' those prayers which are said in celebrating the Mysteries before beginning to bless (the bread and wine) that lie on the table of the Lord. We understand 'prayers' as meaning those prayers that are said when (the offering) is blessed, consecrated and broken for distribution, and almost the whole Church closes this prayer with the Lord's prayer [...]. 'Intercessions' are made when the blessing is being laid on the people [...]. When this rite is completed and all have received this great Sacrament, the whole ceremony is brought to an end by 'thanksgiving' -- which is also the word which concludes this passage of the Apostle's ("Letter 149", 2, 16)."[5]
CCC: 1 Tm 2:1-2 1349, 1900; 1 Tm 2:1 2636; 1 Tm 2:2 2240; 1 Tm 2:3-4 2822, Sans;; 1 Tm 2:4 74, 851, 1058, 1256, 1261, 1821; 1 Tm 2:5-8 2634; 1 Tm 2:5 618, 1544, 2574
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1 Timothy 2:5-8
868 Mass for Various Needs Context (I. For the Holy Church, 10. For the Unity of Christians, 7.)
#38O-2 BVM Context (Holy Mary, Mother of Unity)
Beloved:
There is one God.
There is also one mediator between God and men,
the man Christ Jesus,
who gave himself as ransom for all.
This was the testimony at the proper time.
For this I was appointed preacher and Apostle
(I am speaking the truth, I am not lying),
teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth.
It is my wish, then, that in every place the men should pray,
lifting up holy hands, without anger or argument.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 2:5-8
St. Paul instructs Timothy and his followers on the communal prayers of the Church. He reminds Timothy that there is only one God and only one who stands as both God and man as mediator - Jesus Christ. His intentions make it clear that he came to bring the Gentiles the good news and that there should be unity in Christ.
The final verse is an instruction on the posture of communal prayer “every place the men should pray, lifting up holy hands, without anger or argument.”
CCC: 1 Tm 2:5-8 2634; 1 Tm 2:5 618, 1544, 2574
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1 Timothy 3:1-13
#444 Weekday Year I Context (Tuesday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved, this saying is trustworthy:
whoever aspires to the office of bishop desires a noble task.
Therefore, a bishop must be irreproachable,
married only once, temperate, self-controlled,
decent, hospitable, able to teach,
not a drunkard, not aggressive, but gentle,
not contentious, not a lover of money.
He must manage his own household well,
keeping his children under control with perfect dignity;
for if a man does not know how to manage his own household,
how can he take care of the Church of God?
He should not be a recent convert,
so that he may not become conceited
and thus incur the Devil’s punishment.
He must also have a good reputation among outsiders,
so that he may not fall into disgrace, the Devil’s trap.
Similarly, deacons must be dignified, not deceitful,
not addicted to drink, not greedy for sordid gain,
holding fast to the mystery of the faith with a clear conscience.
Moreover, they should be tested first;
then, if there is nothing against them,
let them serve as deacons.
Women, similarly, should be dignified, not slanderers,
but temperate and faithful in everything.
Deacons may be married only once
and must manage their children and their households well.
Thus those who serve well as deacons gain good standing
and much confidence in their faith in Christ Jesus.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 3:1-13
St. Paul gives instructions in this passage on the character of presbyter-bishops (episkopos) and deacons (diakonos) in the early Church. Both are required to be faith-filled and moderate in their habits. Bishops additionally are to have the ability to teach, having reputations and temperament respected both inside the Christian community and out. It is important that the Church sees this passage as a map to its hierarchy. Not only is the character of its leaders laid out by St. Paul, but the centralized leadership. It ensures that the Magisterium is held and handed down by faithful and “irreproachable” individuals who are dedicated to the service of Christ’s eternal legacy, Holy Mother Church. [7]
CCC: 1 Tm 3:1-13 1577; 1 Tm 3:1 1590; 1 Tm 3:9 1794
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1 Timothy 3:8-10, 12-13
#771 Ritual Mass Context (II. For the Conferral of Holy Orders, 9. (For Deacons))
Deacons must be dignified, not deceitful,
not addicted to drink, not greedy for sordid gain,
holding fast to the mystery of the faith with a clear conscience.
Moreover, they should be tested first;
then, if there is nothing against them,
let them serve as deacons.
Deacons may be married only once
and must manage their children and their households well.
Thus those who serve well as deacons gain good standing
and much confidence in their faith in Christ Jesus.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 3:8-10, 12-13
St. Paul gives instructions in this passage on the character of Deacons (diakonos) in the early Church. They are required to be faith filled and moderate in their habits. We see the foundations for the current rule that Deacons are required to be celibate if they are not married or are predeceased by their wives. We also see the scriptural foundation for the scrutinies and the request for comment from the faith community insuring the character of the men called to this order and the support of those they serve.
CCC: 1 Tm 3:1-13 1577; 1 Tm 3:9 1794
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1 Timothy 3:14-16
#445 Weekday Year I Context (Wednesday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved:
I am writing you,
although I hope to visit you soon.
But if I should be delayed,
you should know how to behave in the household of God,
which is the Church of the living God,
the pillar and foundation of truth.
Undeniably great is the mystery of devotion,
Who was manifested in the flesh,
vindicated in the spirit,
seen by angels,
proclaimed to the Gentiles,
believed in throughout the world,
taken up in glory.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 3:14-16
St. Paul has apparently planned a trip to Ephesus to visit Timothy. His intent in sending this part of his message is to ensure the care Timothy must take over preserving the mysteries of Christ in the Church. Christ appeared in human flesh, was vindicated by the Holy Spirit, and revealed to the angels as God’s Son. “Several features in the Greek text suggest Paul is quoting from an ancient Christian hymn. It touches on key moments in the incarnate life of Christ: his coming as a man (manifested), his Resurrection (vindicated), his adoration in heaven (seen by angels), the spread of his message (preached), its acceptance in the world (believed in), and his Ascension into glory (taken up) (CCC 463, 2641).”[3]
CCC: 1 Tm 3:15 171, 756, 2032; 1 Tm 3:16 385, 463, 2641
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1 Timothy 4:12-16
#446 Weekday Year I Context (Thursday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
#771 Ritual Mass Context (II. For the Conferral of Holy Orders, 10. (For Priests))
Beloved:
Let no one have contempt for your youth,
but set an example for those who believe,
in speech, conduct, love, faith, and purity.
Until I arrive, attend to the reading, exhortation, and teaching.
Do not neglect the gift you have,
which was conferred on you through the prophetic word
with the imposition of hands by the presbyterate.
Be diligent in these matters, be absorbed in them,
so that your progress may be evident to everyone.
Attend to yourself and to your teaching;
persevere in both tasks,
for by doing so you will save
both yourself and those who listen to you.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 4:12-16
In this selection from St. Paul’s Letter we hear the evangelist instructing St. Timothy on his pastoral duties and conduct. St. Paul urges him to use his God-given gifts to their fullest and to set an example for his congregation. Timothy is reminded that the mission that was conferred upon him through the imposition of hands by the presbyterate will be accomplished through the Holy Spirit, and it will lead him and those he serves to salvation.
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OR (For Bishops)
1 Timothy 4:12b-16
Beloved:
Set an example for those who believe,
in speech, conduct, love, faith, and purity.
Until I arrive, attend to the reading, exhortation, and teaching.
Do not neglect the gift you have,
which was conferred on you through the prophetic word
with the imposition of hands by the presbyterate.
Be diligent in these matters, be absorbed in them,
so that your progress may be evident to everyone.
Attend to yourself and to your teaching;
persevere in both tasks,
for by doing so you will save
both yourself and those who listen to you.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 4:12b-16
In this selection from St. Paul’s Letter we hear the evangelist instructing St. Timothy on his pastoral duties and conduct. St. Paul urges him to use his God given gifts to their fullest and to set an example for his congregation. Timothy is reminded that what was conferred upon him through the imposition of hands by the presbyterate, the Holy Spirit will lead him and those he serves to salvation. Note: removing the reference in v. 12a to youth reflects the age and wisdom of those accepting the episcopal office.
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1 Timothy 5:3-10
#740 Commons Context (Common of Holy Men and Women)
Beloved:
Honor widows who are truly widows.
But if a widow has children or grandchildren,
let these first learn to perform their religious duty
to their own family and to make recompense to their parents,
for this is pleasing to God.
The real widow, who is all alone,
has set her hope on God
and continues in supplications and prayers night and day.
But the one who is self-indulgent is dead while she lives.
Command this, so that they may be irreproachable.
And whoever does not provide for relatives and especially family members
has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.
Let a widow be enrolled If she is not less than sixty years old,
married only once, with a reputation for good works,
namely, that she has raised children, practiced hospitality,
washed the feet of the holy ones, helped those in distress,
involved herself in every good work.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 5:3-10
St. Paul addresses the Church regarding the care and treatment of widows. He does so, placing them into a number of categories. Those with children who can provide material support should be supported by their families and not become dependent upon the faith community. Those who were young (v.14ff) should not dedicate themselves solely to the service of Christ but should be open to remarriage. Those who were older (“…not less than sixty years old”) and who has led a pious life (“But the one who is self-indulgent is dead while she lives”) should be cared for by the community and held up as examples of holiness. This passage would be especially appropriate to extoll the virtues of the many Saints who were widowed.
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1 Timothy 6:2c-12
#447 Weekday Year I Context (Friday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved:
Teach and urge these things.
Whoever teaches something different
and does not agree with the sound words of our Lord Jesus Christ
and the religious teaching
is conceited, understanding nothing,
and has a morbid disposition for arguments and verbal disputes.
From these come envy, rivalry, insults, evil suspicions,
and mutual friction among people with corrupted minds,
who are deprived of the truth,
supposing religion to be a means of gain.
Indeed, religion with contentment is a great gain.
For we brought nothing into the world,
just as we shall not be able to take anything out of it.
If we have food and clothing, we shall be content with that.
Those who want to be rich are falling into temptation and into a trap
and into many foolish and harmful desires,
which plunge them into ruin and destruction.
For the love of money is the root of all evils,
and some people in their desire for it have strayed from the faith
and have pierced themselves with many pains.
But you, man of God, avoid all this.
Instead, pursue righteousness, devotion,
faith, love, patience, and gentleness.
Compete well for the faith.
Lay hold of eternal life,
to which you were called when you made the noble confession
in the presence of many witnesses.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 6:2c-12
As part of his caution about false teachers, St. Paul exhorts St. Timothy to teach and exemplify the Gospel he was given (by St. Paul). Challenges to St. Paul’s gospel do not come from Christ but out of conceit. The Apostle also tells his student that he should avoid public debates about this teaching because they would serve only to divide the community of faith and cause suspicion to be cast regarding St. Timothy’s motives in preaching (thinking, perhaps, he had a profit motive as ascribed to false teachers).
The Apostle encourages his disciple telling him that there is value in the peace of Christ that is beyond material gain. He espouses the view that Christians cannot serve God and the Gospel while striving for material riches. This kind of effort will divide the individual and the community and cause great pain.
He concludes this selection instructing his disciple to encourage the community to embrace the Christian virtues: “righteousness, devotion, faith, love, patience, and gentleness.” These, he reminds St. Timothy, are what lead to the prize – “eternal life.”
CCC: 1 Tm 6:8 2837; 1 Tm 6:12 2145
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1 Timothy 6:6-11, 17-19
#883 Mass for Various Needs Context (II. For Public Needs, 13. Tor the Country or a City or For Those Who Serve in Public Office or For the Congress or For the President or for the Progress of Peoples, 8.)
#918 Mass for Various Needs Context (III. In Various Public Circumstances, 20. After the Harvest, Second Option)
Beloved:
Religion with contentment is a great gain.
For we brought nothing into the world,
Just as we shall not be able to take anything out of it.
If we have food and clothing, we shall be content with that.
Those who want to be rich are falling into temptation and into a trap
and into many foolish and harmful desires,
which plunge them into ruin and destruction.
For the love of money is the root of all evils,
and some people in their desire for it have strayed from the faith
and have pierced themselves with many pains.
But you, man of God, avoid all this.
Instead, pursue righteousness, devotion, faith,
love, patience, and gentleness.
Tell the rich in the present age not to be proud
and not to rely on so uncertain a thing as wealth
but rather on God, who richly provides us with all things
for our enjoyment.
Tell them to do good, to be rich in good works,
to be generous, ready to share,
thus accumulating as treasure a good foundation for the future,
so as to win the life that is true life.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 6:6-11, 17-19
In this selection, St. Paul continues his attack on false teachers. He is specifically critical of those who accept money for doing work in ministry and seeking self-promotion. He uses the proverb "For the love of money is the root of all evils." This saying was well known even in St. Timothy's time, even by the pagans. (see also 1 John 2:15-17)
St. Paul address Timothy on this topic as "man of God," as a consequence of his ordination. This title has historical significance in that it was also used in the Old Testament referring to Moses (Deuteronomy 33:1), Samuel (1 Samuel 9:6-7), Elijah and Elisha (1 Kings 17:18; 2 Kings 4:7, 27, 42).
The passage concludes with and exhortation on the right way to use wealth. "Material things, which God gives in abundance (cf. Matthew 25:14), are not bad in themselves, nor is it forbidden to enjoy them (v.17); but they need to be used with a sense of social responsibility, with detachment, because true wealth is that which never perishes (cf. Luke 12:33)."[4]
CCC: 1 Tm 6:8 2837
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1 Timothy 6:11-16
#138C Solemnities C Context (26th Sunday in Ordinary Time C)
But you, man of God, pursue righteousness,
devotion, faith, love, patience, and gentleness.
Compete well for the faith.
Lay hold of eternal life, to which you were called
when you made the noble confession in the presence of many witnesses.
I charge you before God, who gives life to all things,
and before Christ Jesus,
who gave testimony under Pontius Pilate for the noble confession,
to keep the commandment without stain or reproach
until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ
that the blessed and only ruler
will make manifest at the proper time,
the King of kings and Lord of lords,
who alone has immortality, who dwells in unapproachable light,
and whom no human being has seen or can see.
To him be honor and eternal power. Amen.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 6:11-16
St. Paul exhorts Timothy to the absolute faithfulness demanded by his position. He concludes this exhortation with what appears to be part of a liturgical prayer from the period. It is most likely that the commandment he speaks of is the requirement to keep God first in his life. The passage concludes with an eloquent liturgical profession or doxology of faith in the Savior.
CCC: 1 Tm 6:12 2145
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1 Timothy 6:13-16
#448 Weekday Year I Context (Saturday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved:
I charge you before God, who gives life to all things,
and before Christ Jesus,
who gave testimony under Pontius Pilate
for the noble confession,
to keep the commandment without stain or reproach
until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ
that the blessed and only ruler
will make manifest at the proper time,
the King of kings and Lord of lords,
who alone has immortality, who dwells in unapproachable light,
and whom no human being has seen or can see.
To him be honor and eternal power. Amen.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 6:13-16
Following St. Paul’s instructions regarding various ministries, here using Christ’s passion as an example, he lays a solemn obligation on his student. The Apostle exhorts Timothy to dedicate himself completely and selflessly to the work of ministry. It is most likely that the commandment he speaks of is the requirement to keep God first in his life. The passage concludes with an eloquent liturgical profession or doxology of faith in the Savior.
CCC: 1 Tm 6:15-16 2641; 1 Tm 6:16 52
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[1] See NAB footnote on 1 Tm 1:12-17
[2] See NAB footnote on 1 Timothy 1:12ff
[3] Ignatius Catholic Study Bible, © 2010, Ignatius Press, San Francisco, CA. p.390.
[4] The Navarre Bible: “Letters of St. Paul”, Scepter Publishers, Princeton, NJ, © 2003, p.585.
[5] The Navarre Bible: “Letters of St. Paul”, Scepter Publishers, Princeton, NJ, © 2003, pp. 561-62.
#441 Weekday Year I Context (Friday of the 23rd Week in Ordinary Time)
Paul, an Apostle of Christ Jesus by command of God our savior
and of Christ Jesus our hope,
to Timothy, my true child in faith:
grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father
and Christ Jesus our Lord.
I am grateful to him who has strengthened me, Christ Jesus our Lord,
because he considered me trustworthy
in appointing me to the ministry.
I was once a blasphemer and a persecutor and an arrogant man,
but I have been mercifully treated
because I acted out of ignorance in my unbelief.
Indeed, the grace of our Lord has been abundant,
along with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 1:1-2, 12-14
St. Paul begins his First Letter to Timothy introducing himself as an Apostle of Jesus. “Present gratitude for the Christian apostleship leads Paul to recall an earlier time when he had been a fierce persecutor of the Christian communities (cf Acts 26:9-11) until his conversion by intervention of divine mercy through the appearance of Jesus. This and his subsequent apostolic experience testify to the saving purpose of Jesus' incarnation.
“Through the graces he has received, the virtues of faith and love have been manifested in Paul. Faith and love are fundamental virtues characterizing the Christian. At times (as here and in Ephesians 3:17; Ephesians 6:23; Philemon 5), faith and love are mentioned alone; at other times, the virtue of hope is added (1 Thessalonians 1:3; 1 Corinthians 13:13)”[1]
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1 Timothy 1:12-17
#132C Solemnities C Context (24th Sunday in Ordinary Time C)
Beloved:
I am grateful to him who has strengthened me, Christ Jesus our Lord,
because he considered me trustworthy
in appointing me to the ministry.
I was once a blasphemer and a persecutor and arrogant,
but I have been mercifully treated
because I acted out of ignorance in my unbelief.
Indeed, the grace of our Lord has been abundant,
along with the faith and love that are in Christ Jesus.
This saying is trustworthy and deserves full acceptance:
Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners.
Of these I am the foremost.
But for that reason I was mercifully treated,
so that in me, as the foremost,
Christ Jesus might display all his patience as an example
for those who would come to believe in him for everlasting life.
To the king of ages, incorruptible, invisible, the only God,
honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 1:12-17
In addition to demonstrating the profound humility of St. Paul, this passage serves as a proof of authorship. None of St. Paul's followers would have used such critical language ("blasphemer and a persecutor and arrogant") to describe the Apostle.
“Present gratitude for the Christian apostleship leads Paul to recall an earlier time when he had been a fierce persecutor of the Christian communities (cf. Acts 26:9-11) until his conversion by intervention of divine mercy through the appearance of Jesus. This and his subsequent apostolic experience testify to the saving purpose of Jesus' incarnation.” [2]
CCC: 1 Tm 1:15 545
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1 Timothy 1:15-17
#442 Weekday Year I Context (Saturday of the 23rd Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved:
This saying is trustworthy and deserves full acceptance:
Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners.
Of these I am the foremost.
But for that reason I was mercifully treated,
so that in me, as the foremost,
Christ Jesus might display all his patience as an example
for those who would come to believe in him for everlasting life.
To the king of ages, incorruptible, invisible, the only God,
honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 1:15-17
At some time before the writing of this letter, Timothy had gone to Ephesus to deal with false teaching in the church. He had wanted eventually to leave Ephesus, but Paul, while on his way to Macedonia, met with Timothy and urged him to stay. Paul was now writing as a follow-up to that conversation. [6]
This pastoral statement from the First Letter to Timothy states the fundamental truth, that Jesus came into the word to save humankind from the death of sin and bring us to everlasting life. The conclusion is another statement of faith that there is only one true God, and he deserves all glory and honor.
CCC: 1 Tm 1:15 545
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1 Timothy 2:1-8
#135C Solemnities C Context (25th Sunday in Ordinary Time C)
#443 Weekday Year I Context (Monday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
#873 Mass for Various Needs Context (I. For the Holy Church, 11. For the Evangelization of Peoples, 6.)
Beloved:
First of all, I ask that supplications, prayers,
petitions, and thanksgivings be offered for everyone,
for kings and for all in authority,
that we may lead a quiet and tranquil life
in all devotion and dignity.
This is good and pleasing to God our savior,
who wills everyone to be saved
and to come to knowledge of the truth.
For there is one God.
There is also one mediator between God and men,
the man Christ Jesus,
who gave himself as ransom for all.
This was the testimony at the proper time.
For this I was appointed preacher and Apostle
(I am speaking the truth, I am not lying),
teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth.
It is my wish, then, that in every place the men should pray,
lifting up holy hands, without anger or argument.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 2:1-8
St. Paul instructs Timothy and his followers on the communal prayers of the Church. He tells Timothy that everyone is to be prayed for, from the king to the servants. His intentions make it clear that he came to bring the Gentiles the good news, and that there should be unity in Christ.
The final verse is an instruction on the posture of communal prayer: “in every place the men should pray, lifting up holy hands, without anger or argument.” "St Augustine uses this text to explain the various parts of the Mass: 'We take as 'supplications' those prayers which are said in celebrating the Mysteries before beginning to bless (the bread and wine) that lie on the table of the Lord. We understand 'prayers' as meaning those prayers that are said when (the offering) is blessed, consecrated and broken for distribution, and almost the whole Church closes this prayer with the Lord's prayer [...]. 'Intercessions' are made when the blessing is being laid on the people [...]. When this rite is completed and all have received this great Sacrament, the whole ceremony is brought to an end by 'thanksgiving' -- which is also the word which concludes this passage of the Apostle's ("Letter 149", 2, 16)."[5]
CCC: 1 Tm 2:1-2 1349, 1900; 1 Tm 2:1 2636; 1 Tm 2:2 2240; 1 Tm 2:3-4 2822, Sans;; 1 Tm 2:4 74, 851, 1058, 1256, 1261, 1821; 1 Tm 2:5-8 2634; 1 Tm 2:5 618, 1544, 2574
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1 Timothy 2:5-8
868 Mass for Various Needs Context (I. For the Holy Church, 10. For the Unity of Christians, 7.)
#38O-2 BVM Context (Holy Mary, Mother of Unity)
Beloved:
There is one God.
There is also one mediator between God and men,
the man Christ Jesus,
who gave himself as ransom for all.
This was the testimony at the proper time.
For this I was appointed preacher and Apostle
(I am speaking the truth, I am not lying),
teacher of the Gentiles in faith and truth.
It is my wish, then, that in every place the men should pray,
lifting up holy hands, without anger or argument.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 2:5-8
St. Paul instructs Timothy and his followers on the communal prayers of the Church. He reminds Timothy that there is only one God and only one who stands as both God and man as mediator - Jesus Christ. His intentions make it clear that he came to bring the Gentiles the good news and that there should be unity in Christ.
The final verse is an instruction on the posture of communal prayer “every place the men should pray, lifting up holy hands, without anger or argument.”
CCC: 1 Tm 2:5-8 2634; 1 Tm 2:5 618, 1544, 2574
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1 Timothy 3:1-13
#444 Weekday Year I Context (Tuesday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved, this saying is trustworthy:
whoever aspires to the office of bishop desires a noble task.
Therefore, a bishop must be irreproachable,
married only once, temperate, self-controlled,
decent, hospitable, able to teach,
not a drunkard, not aggressive, but gentle,
not contentious, not a lover of money.
He must manage his own household well,
keeping his children under control with perfect dignity;
for if a man does not know how to manage his own household,
how can he take care of the Church of God?
He should not be a recent convert,
so that he may not become conceited
and thus incur the Devil’s punishment.
He must also have a good reputation among outsiders,
so that he may not fall into disgrace, the Devil’s trap.
Similarly, deacons must be dignified, not deceitful,
not addicted to drink, not greedy for sordid gain,
holding fast to the mystery of the faith with a clear conscience.
Moreover, they should be tested first;
then, if there is nothing against them,
let them serve as deacons.
Women, similarly, should be dignified, not slanderers,
but temperate and faithful in everything.
Deacons may be married only once
and must manage their children and their households well.
Thus those who serve well as deacons gain good standing
and much confidence in their faith in Christ Jesus.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 3:1-13
St. Paul gives instructions in this passage on the character of presbyter-bishops (episkopos) and deacons (diakonos) in the early Church. Both are required to be faith-filled and moderate in their habits. Bishops additionally are to have the ability to teach, having reputations and temperament respected both inside the Christian community and out. It is important that the Church sees this passage as a map to its hierarchy. Not only is the character of its leaders laid out by St. Paul, but the centralized leadership. It ensures that the Magisterium is held and handed down by faithful and “irreproachable” individuals who are dedicated to the service of Christ’s eternal legacy, Holy Mother Church. [7]
CCC: 1 Tm 3:1-13 1577; 1 Tm 3:1 1590; 1 Tm 3:9 1794
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1 Timothy 3:8-10, 12-13
#771 Ritual Mass Context (II. For the Conferral of Holy Orders, 9. (For Deacons))
Deacons must be dignified, not deceitful,
not addicted to drink, not greedy for sordid gain,
holding fast to the mystery of the faith with a clear conscience.
Moreover, they should be tested first;
then, if there is nothing against them,
let them serve as deacons.
Deacons may be married only once
and must manage their children and their households well.
Thus those who serve well as deacons gain good standing
and much confidence in their faith in Christ Jesus.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 3:8-10, 12-13
St. Paul gives instructions in this passage on the character of Deacons (diakonos) in the early Church. They are required to be faith filled and moderate in their habits. We see the foundations for the current rule that Deacons are required to be celibate if they are not married or are predeceased by their wives. We also see the scriptural foundation for the scrutinies and the request for comment from the faith community insuring the character of the men called to this order and the support of those they serve.
CCC: 1 Tm 3:1-13 1577; 1 Tm 3:9 1794
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1 Timothy 3:14-16
#445 Weekday Year I Context (Wednesday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved:
I am writing you,
although I hope to visit you soon.
But if I should be delayed,
you should know how to behave in the household of God,
which is the Church of the living God,
the pillar and foundation of truth.
Undeniably great is the mystery of devotion,
Who was manifested in the flesh,
vindicated in the spirit,
seen by angels,
proclaimed to the Gentiles,
believed in throughout the world,
taken up in glory.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 3:14-16
St. Paul has apparently planned a trip to Ephesus to visit Timothy. His intent in sending this part of his message is to ensure the care Timothy must take over preserving the mysteries of Christ in the Church. Christ appeared in human flesh, was vindicated by the Holy Spirit, and revealed to the angels as God’s Son. “Several features in the Greek text suggest Paul is quoting from an ancient Christian hymn. It touches on key moments in the incarnate life of Christ: his coming as a man (manifested), his Resurrection (vindicated), his adoration in heaven (seen by angels), the spread of his message (preached), its acceptance in the world (believed in), and his Ascension into glory (taken up) (CCC 463, 2641).”[3]
CCC: 1 Tm 3:15 171, 756, 2032; 1 Tm 3:16 385, 463, 2641
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1 Timothy 4:12-16
#446 Weekday Year I Context (Thursday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
#771 Ritual Mass Context (II. For the Conferral of Holy Orders, 10. (For Priests))
Beloved:
Let no one have contempt for your youth,
but set an example for those who believe,
in speech, conduct, love, faith, and purity.
Until I arrive, attend to the reading, exhortation, and teaching.
Do not neglect the gift you have,
which was conferred on you through the prophetic word
with the imposition of hands by the presbyterate.
Be diligent in these matters, be absorbed in them,
so that your progress may be evident to everyone.
Attend to yourself and to your teaching;
persevere in both tasks,
for by doing so you will save
both yourself and those who listen to you.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 4:12-16
In this selection from St. Paul’s Letter we hear the evangelist instructing St. Timothy on his pastoral duties and conduct. St. Paul urges him to use his God-given gifts to their fullest and to set an example for his congregation. Timothy is reminded that the mission that was conferred upon him through the imposition of hands by the presbyterate will be accomplished through the Holy Spirit, and it will lead him and those he serves to salvation.
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OR (For Bishops)
1 Timothy 4:12b-16
Beloved:
Set an example for those who believe,
in speech, conduct, love, faith, and purity.
Until I arrive, attend to the reading, exhortation, and teaching.
Do not neglect the gift you have,
which was conferred on you through the prophetic word
with the imposition of hands by the presbyterate.
Be diligent in these matters, be absorbed in them,
so that your progress may be evident to everyone.
Attend to yourself and to your teaching;
persevere in both tasks,
for by doing so you will save
both yourself and those who listen to you.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 4:12b-16
In this selection from St. Paul’s Letter we hear the evangelist instructing St. Timothy on his pastoral duties and conduct. St. Paul urges him to use his God given gifts to their fullest and to set an example for his congregation. Timothy is reminded that what was conferred upon him through the imposition of hands by the presbyterate, the Holy Spirit will lead him and those he serves to salvation. Note: removing the reference in v. 12a to youth reflects the age and wisdom of those accepting the episcopal office.
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1 Timothy 5:3-10
#740 Commons Context (Common of Holy Men and Women)
Beloved:
Honor widows who are truly widows.
But if a widow has children or grandchildren,
let these first learn to perform their religious duty
to their own family and to make recompense to their parents,
for this is pleasing to God.
The real widow, who is all alone,
has set her hope on God
and continues in supplications and prayers night and day.
But the one who is self-indulgent is dead while she lives.
Command this, so that they may be irreproachable.
And whoever does not provide for relatives and especially family members
has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.
Let a widow be enrolled If she is not less than sixty years old,
married only once, with a reputation for good works,
namely, that she has raised children, practiced hospitality,
washed the feet of the holy ones, helped those in distress,
involved herself in every good work.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 5:3-10
St. Paul addresses the Church regarding the care and treatment of widows. He does so, placing them into a number of categories. Those with children who can provide material support should be supported by their families and not become dependent upon the faith community. Those who were young (v.14ff) should not dedicate themselves solely to the service of Christ but should be open to remarriage. Those who were older (“…not less than sixty years old”) and who has led a pious life (“But the one who is self-indulgent is dead while she lives”) should be cared for by the community and held up as examples of holiness. This passage would be especially appropriate to extoll the virtues of the many Saints who were widowed.
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1 Timothy 6:2c-12
#447 Weekday Year I Context (Friday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved:
Teach and urge these things.
Whoever teaches something different
and does not agree with the sound words of our Lord Jesus Christ
and the religious teaching
is conceited, understanding nothing,
and has a morbid disposition for arguments and verbal disputes.
From these come envy, rivalry, insults, evil suspicions,
and mutual friction among people with corrupted minds,
who are deprived of the truth,
supposing religion to be a means of gain.
Indeed, religion with contentment is a great gain.
For we brought nothing into the world,
just as we shall not be able to take anything out of it.
If we have food and clothing, we shall be content with that.
Those who want to be rich are falling into temptation and into a trap
and into many foolish and harmful desires,
which plunge them into ruin and destruction.
For the love of money is the root of all evils,
and some people in their desire for it have strayed from the faith
and have pierced themselves with many pains.
But you, man of God, avoid all this.
Instead, pursue righteousness, devotion,
faith, love, patience, and gentleness.
Compete well for the faith.
Lay hold of eternal life,
to which you were called when you made the noble confession
in the presence of many witnesses.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 6:2c-12
As part of his caution about false teachers, St. Paul exhorts St. Timothy to teach and exemplify the Gospel he was given (by St. Paul). Challenges to St. Paul’s gospel do not come from Christ but out of conceit. The Apostle also tells his student that he should avoid public debates about this teaching because they would serve only to divide the community of faith and cause suspicion to be cast regarding St. Timothy’s motives in preaching (thinking, perhaps, he had a profit motive as ascribed to false teachers).
The Apostle encourages his disciple telling him that there is value in the peace of Christ that is beyond material gain. He espouses the view that Christians cannot serve God and the Gospel while striving for material riches. This kind of effort will divide the individual and the community and cause great pain.
He concludes this selection instructing his disciple to encourage the community to embrace the Christian virtues: “righteousness, devotion, faith, love, patience, and gentleness.” These, he reminds St. Timothy, are what lead to the prize – “eternal life.”
CCC: 1 Tm 6:8 2837; 1 Tm 6:12 2145
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1 Timothy 6:6-11, 17-19
#883 Mass for Various Needs Context (II. For Public Needs, 13. Tor the Country or a City or For Those Who Serve in Public Office or For the Congress or For the President or for the Progress of Peoples, 8.)
#918 Mass for Various Needs Context (III. In Various Public Circumstances, 20. After the Harvest, Second Option)
Beloved:
Religion with contentment is a great gain.
For we brought nothing into the world,
Just as we shall not be able to take anything out of it.
If we have food and clothing, we shall be content with that.
Those who want to be rich are falling into temptation and into a trap
and into many foolish and harmful desires,
which plunge them into ruin and destruction.
For the love of money is the root of all evils,
and some people in their desire for it have strayed from the faith
and have pierced themselves with many pains.
But you, man of God, avoid all this.
Instead, pursue righteousness, devotion, faith,
love, patience, and gentleness.
Tell the rich in the present age not to be proud
and not to rely on so uncertain a thing as wealth
but rather on God, who richly provides us with all things
for our enjoyment.
Tell them to do good, to be rich in good works,
to be generous, ready to share,
thus accumulating as treasure a good foundation for the future,
so as to win the life that is true life.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 6:6-11, 17-19
In this selection, St. Paul continues his attack on false teachers. He is specifically critical of those who accept money for doing work in ministry and seeking self-promotion. He uses the proverb "For the love of money is the root of all evils." This saying was well known even in St. Timothy's time, even by the pagans. (see also 1 John 2:15-17)
St. Paul address Timothy on this topic as "man of God," as a consequence of his ordination. This title has historical significance in that it was also used in the Old Testament referring to Moses (Deuteronomy 33:1), Samuel (1 Samuel 9:6-7), Elijah and Elisha (1 Kings 17:18; 2 Kings 4:7, 27, 42).
The passage concludes with and exhortation on the right way to use wealth. "Material things, which God gives in abundance (cf. Matthew 25:14), are not bad in themselves, nor is it forbidden to enjoy them (v.17); but they need to be used with a sense of social responsibility, with detachment, because true wealth is that which never perishes (cf. Luke 12:33)."[4]
CCC: 1 Tm 6:8 2837
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1 Timothy 6:11-16
#138C Solemnities C Context (26th Sunday in Ordinary Time C)
But you, man of God, pursue righteousness,
devotion, faith, love, patience, and gentleness.
Compete well for the faith.
Lay hold of eternal life, to which you were called
when you made the noble confession in the presence of many witnesses.
I charge you before God, who gives life to all things,
and before Christ Jesus,
who gave testimony under Pontius Pilate for the noble confession,
to keep the commandment without stain or reproach
until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ
that the blessed and only ruler
will make manifest at the proper time,
the King of kings and Lord of lords,
who alone has immortality, who dwells in unapproachable light,
and whom no human being has seen or can see.
To him be honor and eternal power. Amen.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 6:11-16
St. Paul exhorts Timothy to the absolute faithfulness demanded by his position. He concludes this exhortation with what appears to be part of a liturgical prayer from the period. It is most likely that the commandment he speaks of is the requirement to keep God first in his life. The passage concludes with an eloquent liturgical profession or doxology of faith in the Savior.
CCC: 1 Tm 6:12 2145
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1 Timothy 6:13-16
#448 Weekday Year I Context (Saturday of the 24th Week in Ordinary Time)
Beloved:
I charge you before God, who gives life to all things,
and before Christ Jesus,
who gave testimony under Pontius Pilate
for the noble confession,
to keep the commandment without stain or reproach
until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ
that the blessed and only ruler
will make manifest at the proper time,
the King of kings and Lord of lords,
who alone has immortality, who dwells in unapproachable light,
and whom no human being has seen or can see.
To him be honor and eternal power. Amen.
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Commentary on 1 Tm 6:13-16
Following St. Paul’s instructions regarding various ministries, here using Christ’s passion as an example, he lays a solemn obligation on his student. The Apostle exhorts Timothy to dedicate himself completely and selflessly to the work of ministry. It is most likely that the commandment he speaks of is the requirement to keep God first in his life. The passage concludes with an eloquent liturgical profession or doxology of faith in the Savior.
CCC: 1 Tm 6:15-16 2641; 1 Tm 6:16 52
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[1] See NAB footnote on 1 Tm 1:12-17
[2] See NAB footnote on 1 Timothy 1:12ff
[3] Ignatius Catholic Study Bible, © 2010, Ignatius Press, San Francisco, CA. p.390.
[4] The Navarre Bible: “Letters of St. Paul”, Scepter Publishers, Princeton, NJ, © 2003, p.585.
[5] The Navarre Bible: “Letters of St. Paul”, Scepter Publishers, Princeton, NJ, © 2003, pp. 561-62.
[6] William D. Mounce, Pastoral Epistles, vol. 46, Word Biblical Commentary (Dallas: Word, Incorporated, 2000), 28.
[7] This
point is emphasized because various Protestant commentaries dispute the need
for a centralized hierarchy and the roles of those defined by St. Paul and other
parts of Scripture (cf. Acts
of the Apostles 6:1-7) when referring to bishops, priests, and deacons.
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